1. Choose to expand a development of ONE of your previous three essays through research.

2. Write a 1,000-1,500 word essay (4-5 pages) in which you investigate what one to three literary scholars have written about the work you originally analyzed. Refer to the sources recommended on the LibGuide created by the librarian for this assignment.

3. You can choose to form your research paper in the following ways:

(a) an existing interpretation of the literary work. For example, if you choose to revisit your short story essay, you can investigate scholarly criticism of the short story you analyzed. You may find a literary critic who argues that the story’s central theme supports your own understanding. So, you will argue your understanding and use the scholar as secondary support.

(b) place the literary work in a historical or social context. For example, if you choose to revisit your poetry essay, you can investigate scholarly criticism of the poem you analyzed. You may find a literary critic who argues that the poem complements the historical period from which its author wrote, focusing on specific events in history. So, you will argue that poem’s events, words, or images are reflected in a specific historical context of the poem.

(c) interpret the literary work through the framework of a theorist. For example, if you choose to revisit your Antigone essay, you can investigate scholarly criticism of the play. You may find a literary critic who argues that one of the characters can be interpreted using feminist criticism

So, you will argue that this school of criticism helps us interpret the character’s actions or beliefs. (See Chapter 25 of the textbook for a full list of the various schools of literary criticism.)

(d) examine the literary work for a social issue. Consider the way the editors of the textbook have identified the literary works by topical and thematic content. See pages xiii-li of the preface section to the textbook.

4. See the sample research papers in chapters 10A, 19A and 24A of the textbook.

5. Incorporate details from both the original literary work from your previous essay analysis and the scholarly article(s) into your paper.

6. Include correct MLA internal documentation within your paper for all borrowed details (quotations, paraphrases, or summaries).

7. Include a Works Cited page at the end of your paper that follows MLA documentation rules that lists all your sources, including the literary work itself.

8. Upload a final draft by the due date WITH THE FULL TEXT VERSIONS OF YOUR SOURCES by the due date.

since you are expanding your analysis of the Hemingway short story, use the library databases to locate scholarly criticisms on this short story. The best databases are Literature Resource Center and Project Muse, numbers 13 and 19 on this list http://sacweb03.sac.alamo.edu/eLibrary/Default.aspx?id=9. You can search by the title of the short story and find short critical essays that scholars have written to interpret the story. Find at least ONE or as many as THREE critical essays that you believe you can integrate into the analysis you have already written. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~| This is a copy of my original paper than needs to be expanded upon: Hills Like White Elephants: A Literary Analysis Through a substantial amount of obvious symbolism in the settings, notes, and dialogue in “Hills Like White Elephants”, Ernest Hemingway does a phenomenal job depicting there is a very serious larger picture under a seemingly innocent conversation. The communication breakdown between Jig and the man endure holds very heavy throughout this entire short fiction. They are both trying so desperately to state their most important points of view in hopes to sway the other’s mind. They are both on such opposite sides of the spectrum of what they want, so every bit of their communication is similar to them running around in circles, never getting anywhere. “Dos Cervezas” says the man into the curtain. When they arrive at the building waiting for their train they begin drinking immediately to fill up the passing time with anything besides raw discussion and emotions. The conversation is so forced when it comes to the man. He tries so hard to convince Jig to obtain the operation. He tells her it’s “not even an operation at all” due to the fact of how quick and simple it is. Jig is very adamant throughout the conversation she does not want to have the operation, and feels life could be very happy for them without it. Without any doubts the man persists and does not let up no matter what she says. He tries to guilt trip her in every way, convince her of how happy they would be if she undergoes the operation and even goes so far as to say “I don’t want anybody but you. I don’t want any one else” as to imply he will have another if she does not have the operation. It is absolutely sad and disgusting the lack of respect the man has for Jig. In society today many individuals are in painful relationships where the man is very controlling and will try to push his spouse to do things she is opposed to, much like in this short story. In a huge way, you can make the inference that the man in the story is abusive. Everything Jig says is pushed off and unheard. All he cares to think about or pay attention to are his own selfish words. There is a lot of emotional abuse laced through the dialogue

Jig feels so oppressed even stating at one point that all they seem to do together is try new drinks. This shows that Jig is dreadfully unhappy in her relationship. Her life is shallow, and she is questioning everything at this point. She, just like many women choose to stay with the partner who does not fulfill them or make them blissfully happy because in many ways it is much better than being alone. There is a point in the story where the man glances over to their bags against the wall at the train station and notices the labels from all the hotels in which they’ve spent many nights. That is a prime example of the lack of security in their relationship and that Jig feels. Again, he overlooks it and continues to pressure her. “They look like white elephants” says Jig as she’s looking off onto the hills while they drink their beers. The surrounding land was brown and dry while the hills shined bright in the sun. Her unsuccessful attempt to break the awkwardness between them prompted a conversation that would lead to nowhere but unhappiness. A place where she truly did not want to go. White elephants have always had a hidden meaning behind them. A meaning of being something that nobody wants. An awkward unwanted gift, which in this case was the baby Jig was pregnant with. The topic of the unwanted pregnancy was the white elephant in the room. It is blatantly obvious that the American man is referring to an abortiont throughout the entire conversation. It is truly heartbreaking that he would force such a procedure on a woman who loves him so deeply. He casts aside all of her feelings for him, along with all of her reluctance on the procedure. It is never stated in the text that an abortion is the operation in question, but the story never mentions any illnesses or medical problems that would lead you to believe Jig would need this procedure in order to heal from something. Hemmingway used heavy symbolism throughout this story to aid the reader to understanding what was ultimately very obvious. Communication is something that should be so simple, but in most cases in most relationships it is not. Whether the problem at hand be something small, or a giant elephant as in an abortion, communication is not always easy. Most only hear themselves.

Works Cited Roberts, Edgar V., and Robert E. Zweig. “Hills Like White Elephants.” Literature An Introduction to Reading and Writing Compact (6th Edition). Upper Saddle River: Prentice Hall, 2008. N. pag. Print