Define the following terms in your own words

a. Cost-effectiveness analysis –

b. Evidence-based public health –

c. Infectious (communicable) disease –

d. Zoonotic disease –

e. Posttraumatic stress disorder –

f. Psychiatric epidemiology –

Question 2

What are the three elements of the epidemiologic triangle?

Question 3

Calculate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (or predictive value +) and negative predictive value (or predictive value
-) for the data in the following table (NOTE: Pay attention to the
labels on the rows and columns, and be sure to show all your work.):

Screening test positive Screening test negative

Gold standard: disease present 58 13

Gold standard: disease absent 9 176

Question 4

How do the trends for overweight and obesity in the United States
compare for children and adolescents versus adults?

Elements of the Epidemiologic Triangle

The epidemiologic triangle refers to infectious disease causation traditional model. It has the environment, host and external agent. The agent and host come together to cause disease in the host.

True positives + false negatives

=58/71= 0.817

True negatives + false positives

58/185= 0.314

True Positives + False positives

58/67 =0.866

True Negatives + False Negatives

176/189 =0.931

Overweight and Obesity trends

      Recently, there has been a rapid emergence of childhood obesity and this will impact greatly on public health, as the overweight children grow in to overweight adults (Ogden et al. 2002).The prevalence of obesity and overweight among children has reduced.