Atherosclerosis is narrowing of arteries caused by the accumulation of fatty deposits on the arterial walls. On June 22, 2002 the St. Louis Cardinals were preparing for their upcoming baseball game against the Chicago cubs. Concern arose when their prized pitcher, 33-year old Darryl Kile did not show up for practice. Soon after, he was found still in his hotel room where he had suddenly died in his sleep (New York Times, 2002). It was discovered that the cause of death was related to three of his coronary arteries being 80-90% blocked as a result of atherosclerosis (New York Times, 2002), which ultimately caused him to undergo a heart attack.

Answer the following assignment questions: 

1. Why would atherosclerosis result in a heart attack? Provide a brief explanation based on how the heart functions.

2. How are arteries different from veins and capillaries? Describe the functions of both.

3. Vertebrates and some invertebrates have a closed circulatory system. Explain the advantage of having a closed circulatory system over an open circulatory system?

4. Briefly explain how the lymphatic system is associated with the circulatory system?

5. Describe one disease that affects the lymphatic vessels similarly to the way that atherosclerosis affects the arteries?