Give me Liberty

At the end of each chapter of Eric Foner, Give Me Liberty, Vol.1, there are a series of Review Questions. Read the following chapters and answer the following focus questions:

Ch. 7, Founding a Nation (1783-1789)
1. How did the limited central government created by the Articles of Confederation reflect the issues behind the Revolution and fears for individual liberties?
2. What events and ideas led to the belief in 1786 and 1787 that the Articles of Confederation were not working well?
3. What were the major arguments in support of the Constitution given by the Federalists?
4. What were the major arguments against the Constitution put forth by the Anti-Federalists?

Ch.14, A New Birth of Freedom: The Civil War (1861-1865)
1. Describe how President Lincoln’s war aims evolved between 1861 and 1863, changing from simply preserving the Union to also ending slavery.

2. How did the actions of slaves themselves, as well as northern military strategy and the Emancipation Proclamation, combine to end slavery?
3. How did federal policies undertaken during the Civil War transform the United States into a stronger nation-stateeconomically, politically, and ideologically?

Ch.15, What is Freedom?: Reconstruction (1865-1877)
1. The women’s movement split into two separate national organizations in part because the 15th Amendment did not give women the vote. Explain why the two groups split.
2. By what methods did southern whites seek to limit African-American civil rights and liberties? How did the federal government respond?
3. What national issues and attitudes combined to bring an end to Reconstruction by 1877?