Refer to Ch. 5 and 7 of Applied Social Research

Write a 700- to 1,050-word paper describing observation and measurement as they relate to human services research.

Address each of the following points in your paper:

1.     Sampling

·         What is the purpose of sampling?

o    What are the fundaments of sampling?

o    Give an example (identifying the characteristics) of one type of probability and nonprobability sampling presented in Ch. 6 of Applied Social Research.

·         How can you avoid bias when selecting samples for human services research?

2.     Data Collection

·         Describe the scales of measurement used in research.

·         What are the types of reliability? Provide examples of the types of reliability as they apply to human services research or to human services management research.

·         What are the types of validity? Provide examples of these types of validity as they apply to human services research or to human services management research.

·         Why is it important to ensure that data collection methods and instruments are both reliable and valid?

·         What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of the following:

o    Telephone surveys

o    Online surveys

o    Focus groups

o    Surveys via websites

·         Which of the above examples o