Is ethical to cash reward students for them to do well in school
Required Writing (explained in detail below):
> For English 96:
a. 5-7 rhetorical précis (one for each source)(use 5 pages for 5 précis, one page for each précis)
b. Analytical Report (6 pages)
> For English 1A:
a. 3-5 additional rhetorical précis—for a project total of 10. (use 3 pages for 3 précis, one page for each précis)
b. Documented Argument (7 pages)
*Please provide me the source link
Rhetorical précis
This is a brief analytical summary of a secondary source. Since we live in an information age, we need to assess our sources of information for bias, substance, and credibility. I will show you examples. Each précis (pray-SEE) should be at least one paragraph long (250-400 words), quote briefly from the source at least once, and cover the following points:
1) An MLA style entry for the source. Use the library handout, your handbook, or the Purdue Owl online for guidelines. Rules for Writers also has an excellent online site.
2) Who is the author, and does the author have credibility or authority? Does the author have a religious, political, or moral bias or agenda?
3) Who is the target audience, and what is the main rhetorical intention of the source: to inform? to teach? to argue? to change the reader’s beliefs, values, or behavior? to report?
4) What is the main idea or message that the source intends to communicate?
5) How does the source develop—through information based on scientific research? through anecdotes based on personal experience or observation? through knowledge based on logical reasoning and analysis? through facts and statistics?
6) How will you use the source in your report or argument? What impact does the source have on your thinking at this point in the project?
Sources
You should strive for a variety of credible, scholarly sources—refereed journal articles; essays or reports from well regarded news magazines; chapters from books—or perhaps an entire book; detailed postings from credible web pages or web sites. You should not use Wiki or entertainment sites, though you might find good sources via the links provided in the notes sections of Wiki entries. Avoid blogs and websites devoted to commercial sales and entertainment.
One or two newspaper articles are okay to serve as sources of background material, but they should not be among your main sources or the ones you include among your ten précis. Longer editorials, opinion, forum or op-ed pieces are better, especially from the New York Times or L.A. Times. If all of your sources are brief newspaper articles, then your project will fail. Online journals like Salon, Slate, and the Huffington Post, or highbrow print magazines like the New Yorker, Harper’s, The Economist, and the Atlantic can be excellent sources, too. Discover and Science magazines are good sources, though they are not scientific journals directed at a scholarly audience. Examples of scholarly journals are The New England Journal of Medicine and the Harvard Law Review. Also, there are journals that specialize in ethics. In class we will discuss the difference between a magazine (e.g. Psychology Today or Time) and a journal (e.g. The Journal of Transpersonal Psychology or Political Science Quarterly).
In addition to direct sources (i.e. sources that report and argue about your ethical issue explicitly), you can also use indirect sources (i.e. not directly about your issue but about ethics or about analogous issues or cases that you can compare to your own; “Thinking Ethically,” the essay from the SCU.edu site, is one such indirect source). For instance, an essay about “owning” the gene for predisposition to a certain disease might include research sources about ownership or patenting another gene. Or, an essay about exploitation of undocumented immigrants might include research into past cases of exploitation of the poor or other labor group in the past, at home or abroad.
Make photo copies or print out articles as you gather them, and keep them well organized in a folder. This is a very important aspect of this project. (Please save me the source link on a separate page that I need to print them out, thank you!)
Analytical Report
This is an objective, unbiased, balanced explanation of the issue. Your job is to “teach” your classmates and instructor the issue by identifying the key players, providing the facts involved, and explaining why it has ethical ramifications. Explain the arguments of each party with a stake in the issue. By “stake” I mean investment or something to gain or lose. For example, most of us have a personal and perhaps ethical stake in CCSF remaining open. Include detailed examples, and explain the ethical principles in detail. (This can also make the required length less intimidating.) To help explain the issue more clearly, you might find parallel or analogous cases that illustrate the same ethical principles.
Your report should include quotations, paraphrases, facts & statistics, and concepts from your research. These will be documented by in-text citations and a Works Cited page, both done according to MLA requirements. Other kinds of evidence include anecdotes and testimonials.
To maintain objectivity and fairness in your report, you can refer to one side of the issue as proponents (also, advocates, supporters, those in support, those in favor of, those who see {practice or act} as beneficial, etc.) and to the other side as opponents (also, detractors, those against, those who argue against, people who condemn, skeptics of, those who find {practice or act} to be detrimental, etc.). These terms and phrases can help you fulfill your role as a documentarian or news caster in your report, as if you were doing a PBS Frontline film on an issue. In the argument (explained directly below) you will adopt a position and argue against the other perspectives.
Your report should begin with an ethical question. Keep the introduction brief. Follow with a Background section that defines the issue and provides relevant history, definition of key terms, and other information that can help teach the issue to your reader. And then, provide an Arguments section that fairly represents the claims, evidence, and reasoning used by both sides of the controversy.
Conclude the report with a section that summarizes the main ethical arguments and main pieces of evidence claimed by both sides. Leave your reader with a clear understanding of what is crucial or essential in your controversy. For instance, you can use a brief scenario to give your reader a picture of what the strongest or essential concerns of both sides are.
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