Please note these are discussion board questions and the answers need to two – three parapraphs long.. ALL ORIGINAL WORK

Policy Analysis “Policy analysis is finding out what governments do, why they do it, and what difference, if any, it makes” (Dye, 2010, p. 4). Discuss your understanding of what policy analysis contains and what policy makers can learn from policy analysis. Provide at least two examples to support your argument.

Public Policy “Understanding public policy is both an art and a craft.” (Dye, 2010, p. 8). Explain how policy makers can perfect their craft for the betterment of society.

Federalism and the Individual How does federalism affect policy development? How then does policy development affect the rights of the individual? What is the overall effect? Why should we be concerned? Provide at least two examples to support your argument

Public Policy and Opinion Polls It is difficult to assess the independent effect of public opinions on shaping public policy. Public policy often differs from national opinion polls, and the Constitution contains no provision for national referenda on policy issues. The public does not have opinions on many policy questions, public opinion is unstable, and decision makers can easily misinterpret as well as manipulate public opinion. Public policy is more likely to conform to elite opinion than to mass opinion. Discuss the impact of political processes on policy content in context of the preceding statements

Pragmatism Anderson (1988) argued “Pragmatism, properly understood, is neither a technique of neutral problem solving nor the mere contrivance of compromise” (p. 457). Explain how entrepreneurial policy makers can incorporate pragmatism practices into their public policy research. Have pragmatism practices changed in the last twenty years?

Keynesian Theory “Keynesian economic theory recommends government manipulation of aggregated demand by rising spending, lowering taxes, and incurring debt during recession and pursuing the opposite policies during inflations”. Discuss the pros and cons associated with the Keynesian theory and how policy makers can improve upon the theory.