1. Present the comparison of cardio selective and non-selective beta-blockers most commonly used for treatment of hypertension.
2. Present the rationale of clinical applications of muscarinic receptors antagonists in ophtalmology for refraction testing or for glaucoma treatment.
3. Describe the mechanism of action of intravenous injection of epinephrine or norepinephrine. What effect is expected on heart rate and blood pressure? How it affects blood vessels and circulation?
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Introduction:
Epinephrine or nor-epinephrine injection is generally referred to as a non pyrogenic and sterile mixture in which solvent and solute are uniformly distributed each other and it is devoid of antimicrobial (bacterial) agents. The chemical presentation of Epinephrine is 4-[1-hydroxy-2 (methylamino) ethyl]-1, 2 benzenediol ad it is considered as adrenergic agent.
Rationale:
The present article mainly focus on the aspects of mechanism of action of intravenous injection of epinephrine or nor-epinephrine and their effect on heart rate and blood pressure.
Mechanism of action of Intravenous epinephrine or nor-epinephrine injection:
Epinephrine injection is generally administered to the individuals who are prone to severe allergic or other situations where it could be life threatening asthmatic condition or less severe in persons. The drug is used to provide relief to the individuals suffering from respiratory distress and also from allergic reactions. In addition to this it also helps in restoring the cardiac rhythms. Other applications include relief from edema, urticaria and glaucoma etc.