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Civil Engineering in a Sustainable Society Team Final Project Due 5/14/2014 by 5 pm (Web Campus Submission) Your team is consulting on the planning process for a new  office building. The building will be located in a medium-sized town with a growing population (currently 300,000 people). Currently, the only public transportation option is a city-wide bus system. The city provides basic utilities including water, sewer, coal-powered electricity, etc. The owner wants the building to be LEED certified, and therefore attention must be devoted to the sustainable design aspects. ? ? The office building should provide 80,000 ft2 of usable space over one or more stories. It is expected that 400 people will work in the office full time on a daily basis. As such, some parking must be provided. However, minimizing the environmental impact of land use and encouraging alternative transportation are among the design objectives; as such, it is up to you to decide how much parking to provide. The owner is concerned about the aesthetic appeal of the site, and thus prefers that some landscaping be provided.

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The following aspects of sustainable design should be addressed for LEED certification: 1. Site Selection and Transportation Sustainable practices include: minimizing land use, maximizing green or open space, minimizing the heat island effect caused by pavements and asphalt, building near mass transit access or bicycle friendly routes, providing amenities to encourage alternative transportation such as  or cycling. 2. Water Efficiency Sustainable practices include: effective stormwater management (e.g. natural space vs. pavement, porous pavements, bioretention areas), water-efficient landscaping, water conservation techniques, on-site water re-use; rainwater harvesting. 3. Energy and Atmosphere Sustainable practices include: providing on-site renewable energy sources, energy conservation techniques, built-in energy efficiency through proper insulation and green roofs, minimizing elevator usage. 4. Materials and Resources This relates to the selection and usage of materials for the building construction. Sustainable practices include: using locally-sourced materials, using recycled materials, using rapidly generating or sustainable materials, re-using portions of existing buildings, recycling construction waste, providing for efficient deconstruction/material re-use at the end of the building useful life. 5. Indoor Environmental Quality

Sustainable practices include: enhancing ventilation and natural lighting indoors, selection of materials that improve  and minimize emissions from volatile organic compounds (VOC), providing individualized climate controls. Based on the prior description, the site size and location is obviously an important aspect of sustainability. You are to choose from among the following 3 sites. Site 1 (Small): This site is located about 0.5 miles from city center. The site dimensions are 200 ft x 200 ft. It is part of an outdated parking lot and thus is entirely asphalt-covered and level. The site has adequate access to all city utilities. The site is serviced by bus, which stops nearby every 30 minutes; however, because it is an older part of town, the access routes are not particularly bicycle friendly. The setting is somewhat industrial” with hardly a tree in sight; thus, it will take a bit of work to make it look aesthetic. Site 2 (Medium): This site is located about 3 miles from city center. The site dimensions are 300 ft x 300 ft. The site is adjacent to a river, and mostly covered in grass with a few large trees. The site has adequate access to all city utilities. The site is serviced by bus, but the nearest stop is 0.5 miles away. There are, however, bike lanes on 2 of the major access roads, and a system of connected walking paths nearby, which would be conducive to taking a pleasant walking break at lunch. One drawback is that the region near the river is considered environmentally sensitive, and it will require special permitting to build on. Site 3 (Large): This site is located about 8 miles from city center. The site dimensions are 600 ft x 250 ft. The site is completely undeveloped, but being in the newer part of town it has strong landscaping potential. Water and sewer pipelines will have to be extended about 0.5 miles to reach the site. The site is not serviced by bus; however, it is within walking/biking distance of the city’s new LEED certified FUTURES neighborhood development project. FUTURES is an attractive, sustainably designed, self-contained community that is composed of mixed-income, higher population density housing units, shopping and dining, ample shared public green space, and a community garden. Project Deliverables: Part 1 (Graded as a Team, 60% of project grade) A. Site Selection (Narrative Description), 10% In general, all the principles of sustainable land development will not embodied in a single site, and there will be tradeoffs in weighing one site against another. Considering the principles of sustainable land development along with the design objectives, indicate which site you selected and why it was preferred over the other two. Comment on the size of the site in relation to its ability to meet design objectives, transportation access, environmental aspects, and aesthetic potential. Indicate how you have addressed the Site Selection and Transportation aspects of sustainability (Item 1 above). B. Site Use Plan (Sketches, Calculations, and Narrative), 15% Provide sketches (AutoCad or neatly drawn on engineering paper) of your site. Add narrative to explain your sketches. The Site Use Plan should indicate:

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Building footprint location, footprint area, and number of stories to meet the design objective of 80,000 sf useable space. Do not exceed this target by more than 10%. Your building footprint may take any desired shape to enhance aesthetics or optimize land use, but for simplicity assume that there are no vertical irregularities (that is, all floors have the same footprint). Surface lot parking or parking structure footprint location, footprint area, and number of stories if it is a parking garage. You will have to decide how much parking space to provide to meet the parking needs. Based on site location and access to transportation, estimate the percentage of workers that will drive, walk/cycle, and take the bus to work on a given day. Calculate the required parking space based on the assumption of 300 sf per vehicle, which includes an allotment for aisles. Landscaped area location and area.

C. Landscaping, Water Use and Stormwater Management Plan (Sketches, Calculations and Narrative), 15% ? Indicate the type of landscaping you will use. Do some research to estimate the annual water usage required for irrigation of this landscaping; reference your sources. ? Provide sketches that show how stormwater will be channeled and collected from impervious surfaces (rooftop, pavement) and the landscaped areas. Sketches should indicate gutters, bioretention areas, dry swales, rain gardens, or other features discussed in the text or in class. ? Indicate what features you will incorporate to address the Water Efficiency aspects of sustainability (item 2) (You might find it useful to note that the average water use in a commercial office building was projected to be about 72 to 127 gallons/employee/day, of which 21 to 48 gallons were used for irrigation. Source: Waste Not, Want Not, the Potential for Urban Water Conservation in California, Appendix E. http://pacinst.org/publication/waste-notwant-not/) D. Energy Use Plan (Narrative) 7% What sources of energy will you use for electricity, heating and cooling, etc? Indicate whether you will invest in on-site renewable energy, and if so, what percentage of the energy it is expected to supply. What energy conservation measures will you employ? Indicate how you have addressed the Energy and Atmosphere aspects of sustainability (item 3). E. Material Usage Plan (Narrative), 7% What materials will you use in the design and construction of the building, parking structure, and pavements? Indicate how you have addressed the Material and Resources aspects of sustainability (item 4). F. Indoor Environmental Quality Plan (Narrative), 6% What features will you incorporate to address the Indoor Environmental Quality aspects of sustainability (item 5)?

General comment: In describing your solutions, those that provide greater detail about the benefits of the solution will receive a higher score. For instance, a submission that merely indicates use of porous asphalt will receive a very minimal score. However, a submission that specifies a specific product/provider, estimates the reduction in runoff that can be provided by the concrete, and estimates the incremental cost of porous concrete (while supplemented by a white paper explaining the technical aspects) will receive a much higher score. You are encouraged to include drawings and calculations as appropriate. In most cases, specific requirements are not outlined for each section to give teams flexibility to focus on the aspects that most interest you. Note that the LEED certification manual V4.0 has been provided for your reference. This is your best source of information for understanding what goes into a LEED certification. Due to the complexity, you are not asked to relate your solutions to specific LEED requirements or calculate your building LEED rating. However, the manual may be a good source of information for your project. Part II (Graded Individually, 40% of project grade) Sustainable Technology White Papers Each team member shall prepare a 1-2 page white paper on a sustainable technology that is incorporated into the master plan for your building. In other words, the use of this technology must be mentioned somewhere in Parts A-G, and the intent of the white paper is to provide background information. At the minimum, your white paper must discuss the following: 1) what is the conventional approach that the sustainable technology replaces, 2) describe the sustainable technology including background information, technical details, etc. 3) attempt to quantify potential impact (e.g. how much water is saved), 4) attempt to quantify the cost. At least 2 references are required, and should be cited within the narrative. Examples of sustainable technologies include (but are not limited to): ? Low carbon concrete using fly ash or other alternative materials ? Use of recycled materials in structural design ? Porous asphalt or concrete ? Green roofs ? Energy efficient appliances or other energy saving features ? On-site water recycling or re-use systems ? Water saving features ? Rainwater harvesting systems ? Technologies that enhance indoor environmental quality By May 6, each team shall provide to the instructor for approval a list of team members and selected sustainable technologies. More than one technology may be addressed for a given sustainability category (1-5 above), and not all categories need be addressed. For instance, if your team is very interested in water conservation, multiple water conservation technologies may be addressed. However, each team member must select a unique technology. If in doubt as to whether your sustainable technology choice is appropriate, please ask in advance.

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